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U.S. homelessness up 12%, reaching record
Increase comes as rents soar and pandemic aid ends
WASHINGTON — The United States experienced a dramatic 12 percent increase in homelessness — bringing it to its highest reported level — as soaring rents and a decline in coronavirus pandemic assistance combined to put housing out of reach for more Americans, federal officials said Friday.
About 653,000 people were experiencing homelessness, the most since the country began using the yearly point-in-time survey in 2007 to count the homeless population. The total in the January 2023 count represents an increase of about 70,650 homeless people compared in the nation with a year earlier.
Linn County’s homeless population soars
Homeless population counts in Linn County have soared, leading the Cedar Rapids City Council to declare homelessness a priority.
Linn County volunteers last January found 31 people living unsheltered in the winter cold, up from 19 found during the winter 2022 count. The winter record followed a new summer record in July 2022, when the number of unsheltered people living on the streets reached 107 — more than triple the number of three years before.
Linn County and the city of Cedar Rapids are jointly funding a homeless systems manager, for up to three years, who will collaborate with providers to streamline gaps in serving people experiencing homelessness. This position was created based a recommendation from the National Alliance to End Homelessness of Washington, D.C., which the city enlisted.
The manager will review local homeless infrastructures, monitor grant opportunities, identify gaps and streamline how a homeless individual gets identified for services and the appropriate agency to provide the services. Officials have estimated this position could require up to $150,000 a year in salary, benefits and administrative expenses.
The latest estimate also indicated that people becoming homeless for the first time were behind much of the increase, and it ended a downward trend in family homelessness that began in 2012.
“This data underscores the urgent need for support for proven solutions and strategies that help people quickly exit homelessness and that prevent homelessness in the first place,” House and Urban Development Secretary Marcia Fudge said in a statement.
Going back to the first survey, the United States made steady progress for about a decade in reducing the homeless population as the government focused particularly on increasing investments to get veterans into housing. The number of homeless people dropped from about 637,000 in 2010 to about 554,000 in 2017.
The numbers ticked up to about 580,000 in the 2020 count and held relatively steady over the next two years as Congress responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with emergency rental assistance, stimulus payments, aid to states and local governments and a temporary eviction moratorium.
Jeff Olivet, executive director of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, a federal agency, said the extra assistance "held off the rise in homelessness that we are now seeing,”
“While numerous factors drive homelessness, the most significant causes are the shortage of affordable homes and the high cost of housing that have left many Americans living paycheck to paycheck and one crisis away from homelessness,” Olivet said.
Within the overall rise this year, homelessness among individuals rose by nearly 11 percent, among veterans by 7.4 percent and among families with children by 15.5 percent.
People who identify as Black make up about 13 percent of the U.S. population but comprised 37 percent of all people experiencing homelessness. People who identify as Hispanic or Latino make up about 19 percent of the population but comprised about 33 percent of those experiencing homelessness. Also, more than 25 percent of adults experiencing homelessness were over age 54.
HUD said that rental housing conditions were “extraordinarily challenging” in 2022, with rents increasing at more than twice the rate of recent years. It noted that trend has subsided since the January point-in-time count. That could show benefits when volunteers and housing officials around the country begin the next homeless count in just a few weeks.
HUD noted that some communities bucked the national trend.
Chattanooga, Tenn., and the surrounding region, for example, saw a 49 percent drop from the 2022 count to this year's. Chattanooga increased efforts to more rapidly connect people to permanent housing and boosted efforts to prevent people from becoming homeless.
Other communities highlighted for a drop were Dallas, which experienced a 3.8 percent decrease, and Newark and Essex County, N.J., which saw a 16.7 percent drop. Houston has closed numerous homeless encampments across the city and saw a 17 percent reduction in unsheltered homelessness. San Jose, Calif., and Tucson, Ariz., were also cited for improvements.
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