The Civil Rights Act turns 60, but struggles remain

We are just sixty short years removed from a time in our history when it was legal to segregate, discriminate, and oppress human beings because of the color of their skin. My mom was just 15 years old in 1964; young enough to hope for a better society, but old enough to understand the realities she faced. As we approach the 60th anniversary of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it brings the opportunity to reflect on the movement behind the change in our country’s law, and also acknowledge the strides still to be undertaken for full equality to be achieved by all Americans.

We can celebrate the advancements, but cannot ignore the failings. It may have been a symbol that appeared to be a beacon of hope for millions of African Americans and a pivotal step in dismantling the systemic barriers that had long oppressed them. But, the difference between then and now is the unashamed freedom to call out injustices in a more public way.

While a landmark piece of legislation in its day, can we be truly surprised by the underwhelming enforcement of the systemic injustices that continue to plague people of color in 2024? The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It promised a new era of legal equality, granting African Americans access to public facilities, schools, and employment opportunities that had been forcefully denied for generations.

The passage of the Civil Rights Act was far from certain, coming at a time when racial tensions were at their peak. The battle in Congress was fierce, with filibusters and sadistic opposition threatening to derail the legislation at every turn. Yet, through the perseverance of civil rights leaders and allies, the Act was passed, signaling a shift in the nation's consciousness.

As we remember this anniversary, we must acknowledge the persistent struggles that continue to mar our progress. Discrimination has not vanished; it has merely transformed. Systemic racism is embedded in the very fabric of our society, manifesting in economic disparities, educational inequities, and a criminal justice system that disproportionately targets people of color.

While the Act was a critical step forward, the implementation and enforcement of its laws continue to often fall short. This lack of enforcement has allowed discriminatory practices to persist, undermining the progress intended by the Act. Many civil rights protections have been weakened over the years, either through insufficient funding for enforcement agencies or through legal challenges that have eroded the effectiveness of the laws.

The African American Museum of Iowa welcomes the opportunity to shine a light on this continued struggle. As a reminder of this historic milestone, the Museum will be convening a commemorative program. The event will include an author talk and book signing. Dr. Dave Markward, former superintendent of Cedar Rapids Community School District, is the author of “From Dubuque to Selma and Beyond: My Journey to Understand Racism in America.” His journey has spanned a lifetime. “ The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a difficult but significant action by the United States government to address inequalities and injustice based on race in America. Sixty years later, the struggle for equality and justice is far from over,” Markward shared in preparation of the event taking place at 6 p.m., this Tuesday, July 2, at the museum.

During a 90-minute discussion at the AAMI with local thought leader and civil rights advocate, Karl Cassell, the audience will gain insight about the book and their own experience. Cassell understands “The present is often a reflection of the past, and a glimpse into the future. Dr. Markward gives an exhilarating treatise on where we have been in this country, and the necessity of change before the future resembles that past.”

Markward and Cassell, a couple of generations between them, will engage the live audience in thought provoking and reflective dialogue. The hope is that this gathering will not only honor the legacy of the Civil Rights Act but also challenge and inspire a renewed commitment to the cause of equality for all Americans.

LaNisha Cassell is executive director of the African American Museum of Iowa.