Recognize child’s difficulties

With the ongoing rise in the number of children diagnosed with a variety of mental health disorders, we need to step back and determine what factors are contributing to this problem.

A new study recently released by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows autism rates climbing nearly 30 percent between 2008 and 2010, and more than doubling since the turn of the century. That means that virtually every grade in every elementary school has at least one child with autism.

While many experts believe this rise largely is because of greater awareness and diagnosis, it's critically important to identify and address childhood disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders, as early as possible.

Children with autism spectrum disorders can be reliably diagnosed as early as age 2. It can make a huge difference in that child's life if intervention is started early.

There are key signs to watch for in a child's first two years. By 12 months old, a child should be babbling and using gestures. By 16 months, a child should have at least single-word verbal references. And by age 2, a child should have spontaneous two-word verbalizations.

As we learn more about how the brain develops and the significance of the first years of life, research is showing us that environment and early experiences have an impact on a child's brain, as well as on later health and development.

The benefit of early identification and intervention is not only true for children with autism spectrum disorders but for all children with mental health difficulties. There are a growing number of children being diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, behavioral and conduct problems, anxiety and depression.

How do we address these issues? The take-away for parents is to not wait and see if their children 'outgrow” their difficulties.

First, identify if there is a problem. We need to be proactive rather than reactive in order to best help children.

Help is available for parents through talking with their family physician, pediatrician, school district and other care providers. That team approach can help pinpoint the causes of a child's behavioral or mental health problems. If needed, more formal evaluation can be conducted, which helps determine the best treatment options.

Treatment options may focus specifically on individual therapy with the child, but it equally is important to engage the parents and caregivers. There are behavioral strategies that parents and care providers can use to encourage and teach children appropriate behaviors. Focusing on reinforcement, rather than only consequences for inappropriate behavior, can help a child learn specific skills.

In today's world, children often are exposed to more earlier in life that can be difficult to understand. Many children struggle with anxiety and pressure that can contribute to mental health difficulties. We need to recognize these difficulties and when a child may need help. We all can make significant changes in a child's development if we are aware and intervene early.

Mercy is among providers that offer evaluations for young children, including psychological evaluations for autism spectrum disorders and other mental health concerns. We offer individual therapies for children, as well as working directly with parents.

' Dr. Caroline Moniza is a child psychologist, Mercy Family Counseling, Cedar Rapids. Comments: cmoniza@mercycare.org